While the Constitution makes no distinction between judges appointed from the Bar or from the subordinate judiciary, the data shows that there is an implicit difference that results in fewer members from the subordinate judiciary serving in the high courts for shorter periods of time, and less likely to be the chief justices.
Diets have become predominantly based on starchy staples as a result of selectively subsidised cereal crops following the green revolution, with little animal products, fresh fruits, and vegetables. This has resulted in an increased burden of malnutrition along with rising micronutrient deficiency. Diet diversity was found to be dependent upon four major factors: availability, affordability, awareness, and utilisation. There is an urgent need to shift food systems and policies for a healthier and nutrient-adequate diet.
India is considered as a successful federation in resolving most of its ethno-regional and linguistic problems in favour of a relatively durable political order and stability through territorial as well as non-territorial recognition of identity. On the basis of a distinction between what has been termed “diversity claims” and “equality claims,” it is argued that India’s democratic success has remained a very poor match to its federal success. Democracy here has been pressed into the service of a kind of federalism that has privileged “diversity claims” over “equality claims.” Although India’s experiment with state creation within federalism remains ongoing, with Telangana being the latest one carved out of Andhra Pradesh in 2014, given the shifts in priorities since the onset of India’s reforms in 1991, political incentives for demanding more states do not appear to be as attractive as before. While equality claims played second fiddle to diversity claims, the scope of the former has become further restricted today.
A look at the social composition of faculty members at the Indian Institutes of Management reveals that the faculty body at these institutions is drawn from a very narrow spectrum of Indian society. The recently proposed legislation that will convert IIMs into full-fledged universities offers a canvas for public deliberation on the question of social diversity at these institutions of higher learning.
Electoral patterns across India have shown an extreme fluidity in the nature of electoral permutations and combinations that come to assume power at the central or state levels. Despite the region specific nature of electoral politics and the emergence of distinct identities, however, emerging trends in Indian politics reveal certain commonalities across the country.
An individual's multiple roles in a complex society that often does not overlap with that of another individual allows for the development of linkages and interactions among members of a society. Insularity develops when areas of interaction develop giving rise to boundaries limiting groups. This paper applies this dual framework to study the fluidity of groups that have emerged in Indian history and to study the uniquely 'sandwich cultures' that have developed.
