Based on an empirical survey carried out in two towns in Maharashtra (Pune and Nagpur), this study provides a broad mapping of “faith-based organisations”. This paper focuses on the historical context in which the faith-based sector emerged in India and its involvement with development-related activities; the nature of the organisational structure and membership of these bodies; and their perceived visions and values in relation to development-related issues, with specific reference to the historically marginalised groups of Indian society and women.