Drawing upon a study, this article examines whether the “final reports,” which is the official term for closed cases under the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, are justified or not. The popularly accepted notion is that the act is misused by members of the Scheduled Castes against the upper castes, but there is no acknowledgement of its misuse by the upper castes using the former as proxy.