ISSN (Print) - 0012-9976 | ISSN (Online) - 2349-8846

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Sex Workers in Sonagachi

HIV/AIDS prevalence among sex workers in the Sonagachi redlight area of Kolkata is significantly lower than that among sex workers in any other Indian city. The unique success of the STD/HIV Intervention Programme (SHIP) in Sonagachi can be attributed mostly to the sex workers' active participation in its structure, decision-making and implementation through their association called Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee (DMSC, popularly known as Durbar). The valiant struggle for empowerment against the powerful vested in the sex trade by the poor, socially stigmatised and extremely vulnerable Sonagachi sex workers through a collective of their own can herald the beginning of a silent revolution among sex workers in the Indian as well as global arena.

Preventing AIDS among Sex Workers

Sex workers are the most vulnerable victims of HIV/AIDS. Yet few HIV/AIDS intervention projects among sex workers in India have been successful. The lessons to be drawn from the unique success of the Kolkata-based Sonagachi Project in controlling the spread of HIV/AIDS among sex workers, therefore, deserve the most careful consideration.

Anthropological Perspectives on Prostitution and AIDS in India

Increasing prevalence of HIV/AIDS across wider sections of the Indian society has focused attention on particularly vulnerable groups, such as sex workers. Thus far, attempts to rehabilitate and to arouse social awareness have been sporadic and isolated. This paper argues for the need to evoke a wider awareness by looking to the historical circumstances surrounding prostitution and argues for a multi-pronged effort to combat HIV/AIDS.

AIDS Extravaganza in Vancouver

political leaders usually overreach themselves and start going into terminal decline. The projected rate of growth for 1996 is down to 2.3 per cent (the soothsayers foretell a resumption of 6 per cent growth for 1997-99), much below what is needed to get Peru back into its peak prosperity. The external debt situation still remains very threatening. And the narcotics issue will not go away while Washington is concerned Vladimiro Montesinos, a key security adviser to the president, has just been accused by a top narcotics trader on trial of taking bribes of 50,000 dollars per month to secure army protection to fly his cocaine cargo out of his airstrip. The charge has been denied, but less well known army chiefs in key localities are almost certain to be involved in the drugs business.

Beliefs and Practices about Food during Pregnancy-Implications for Maternal Nutrition

during Pregnancy Implications for Maternal Nutrition Moni Nag As in many other countries, there are traditional beliefs in India regarding specific food items a pregnant woman should or should not eat during pregnancy and about the proper amount of food desirable for a pregnant woman for successful reproductive outcome.

Political Awareness as a Factor in Accessibility of Health Services-A Case Study of Rural Kerala and West Bengal

of Health Services A Case Study of Rural Kerala and West Bengal Moni Nag This paper assesses ana produces evidence in support of the hypothesis that an important factor that contributed to the easier accessibilify to and better utilisation of health facilities in rural Kerala compared to rural West Bengal was a higher degree of political awareness in rural Kerala at least up to the end of 1970s. A historical analysis of the caste organisations, peasant movements, and educational structure in the two states provides an under- standing of the difference in political awareness of the rural poor between the two states. The paper argues that the Indian political parties and trade unions should take a more active role by mobilising the masses not only around economic issues but also around social issues, e g, health, education "and women's rights.

Importance of Female Primary Education for Fertility Reduction in India

for Fertility Reduction in India Anrudh K Jain Moni Nag The launching of the Seventh Plan provides an opportunity to initiate those 'beyond family planning' measures which contribute to the overall objective of fertility reduction in India. At the 1974 Bucharest Conference on Population, the Indian delegation was instrumental in introducing the oft-repeated slogan 'development is the best contraceptive: The actual experience in India since then has rarely reflected this theme, which requires that the potential impact of developmental activities on fertility be taken account of in the design and implementation of development programmes. In this article the authors examine education sector policies and suggest modifications from the fertility reduction perspective.

Population in Asian Countries-Trends, Issues and Strategies

Trends, Issues and Strategies Moni Nag Ninety-four per cent of the population in Asia (excluding Japan) lives in countries that have adopted an official policy to reduce population growth and have given support to family planning activities. The demographic trends and acceptance of contraceptives, however, vary considerably among these countries. China and Bangladesh stand at opposite poles in fertility and mortality indices as well as in a few socio-economic indices.

Fertility Differential in Kerala and West Bengal- Equity-Fertility Hypothesis as Explanation

West Bengal Equity-Fertility Hypothesis as Explanation Moni Nag This paper examines John Ratcliffe's social justice hypothesis of demographic transition which holds that the larger decline of fertility in Kerala compared to any other Indian State reflects its unique success in reducing inequities in income and wealth as well as in promulgating an equitable distribution of educational and health services.

Impact of Social and Economic Development on Mortality-Comparative Study of Kerala and West Bengal

on Mortality Comparative Study of Kerala and West Bengal Moni Nag Kerala's mortality level has been lower than West Bengal's at least since the early 20th century. The difference became sharper in the 1970s, Environmental and hygienic conditions are more favourable in Kerala, but the difference does not seem to be great enough to explain a significant part of the mortality differential. The empirical evidence from various surveys shows that the differences between the states in nutritional standard, per capita income, distribution of income and assets, industrialisation and urbanisation, cannot explain the lower mortality level in Kerala.

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