on Mortality Comparative Study of Kerala and West Bengal Moni Nag Kerala's mortality level has been lower than West Bengal's at least since the early 20th century. The difference became sharper in the 1970s, Environmental and hygienic conditions are more favourable in Kerala, but the difference does not seem to be great enough to explain a significant part of the mortality differential. The empirical evidence from various surveys shows that the differences between the states in nutritional standard, per capita income, distribution of income and assets, industrialisation and urbanisation, cannot explain the lower mortality level in Kerala.