The category of primitive tribal group was created to include those groups that were considered the poorest of the poor. The particularly vulnerable tribal groups, earlier known as PTGs, are characterised by forest-based livelihoods, pre-agriculture level of existence, stagnant or declining population, extremely low literacy, and a subsistence economy. This article investigates different aspects of the socio-economic life of the Baiga tribe, a PVTG of central India.