Articles by Denzil Saldanha

Literacy campaigns in India have found resistance from two regions - the urban areas of relatively high literacy and the rural areas within underdeveloped regions. This study analyses statistical data to understand residual illiteracy in the context of uneven development. It is published in three parts. The first part analyses the distribution of literacy across states and union territories of India and also across districts, and studies Maharashtra and Goa in depth. This part studies literacy in the context of socio-demographic, health, socio-economic and educational characteristics. The last part reviews the trends in literacy compaigns - their successes, problems and strategies, and presents theoretical generalisation relevant to basic educational interventions in the context of uneven development.

This paper analyses the literacy campaigns initiated in selected districts of Maharashtra and in Goa between 1990 and 1992, based on detailed evaluation studies. The campaigns continue, as also new ones. The objective is to identify critical issues, to discern trends emerging from the data and to suggest directions that such campaigns might take.

Cultural Communication in Literacy Campaigns Social Relational Contexts, Processes and Hegemonic Organisation Denzil Saldanha Communication processes in literacy campaigns have important implications for the movement of vast sections of people from a culture of orality to one of literacy. The teaching-learning process provides access to the symbolic systems of the literate universe. Several cultural groups and literacy activists are thrown up by the pro- cess of cultural mobilisation that takes place on a relatively extensive scale during the district campaign. What are the larger organisational implications in terms of creating an alternate cultural hegemony for economic entitlements, especially during the post-literacy period and beyond?